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In India, solar manufacturers mainly use three types of encapsulants: EVA, POE, and newer TPO or hybrid co-extruded materials. EVA is the industry workhorse because it is affordable and offers good clarity, but it can yellow over time and is more vulnerable to moisture and PID, especially in hot andRead more
In India, solar manufacturers mainly use three types of encapsulants: EVA, POE, and newer TPO or hybrid co-extruded materials. EVA is the industry workhorse because it is affordable and offers good clarity, but it can yellow over time and is more vulnerable to moisture and PID, especially in hot and humid regions. POE has become popular for advanced modules like TOPCon and HJT since it provides stronger protection against moisture and PID, along with better long-term reliability, though it costs more and takes longer to laminate. Newer TPO and hybrid films try to offer the best of both worlds, combining EVA’s ease of processing with POE’s durability, but they are still developing and sometimes face supply or consistency issues. Overall, all these encapsulants serve the essential job of shielding solar cells from weather, UV light, and electrical stress, with manufacturers choosing based on climate needs, technology type, and cost-performance balance.
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The General Network Access (GNA) framework came into effect after the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) notified the GNA Regulations on June 7, 2022. The regime establishes a non-discriminatory and flexible mechanism for both renewable and conventional generators to access the Inter-SRead more
The General Network Access (GNA) framework came into effect after the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) notified the GNA Regulations on June 7, 2022. The regime establishes a non-discriminatory and flexible mechanism for both renewable and conventional generators to access the Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS). It aims to reform grid access by simplifying procedures and improving transparency in transmission planning.
For renewable energy developers, the framework has been a significant confidence booster. By reducing procedural requirements and enabling long-term visibility of transmission capacity, GNA has made it easier for large renewable projects to inject power into the grid. In essence, the regime offers a more streamlined, predictable pathway for integrating green energy into the national network with fewer bottlenecks.
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