What are the challenges in manufacturing of solar cells in India?
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Solar cell manufacturing is inherently more complex than solar module production, which is largely an assembly-based process. The production of solar cells requires significantly higher capital investment at the outset. In India, the establishment of solar cell production facilities also involves navigating additional regulatory hurdles. This is due to the water usage during production and the disposal of effluents. Furthermore, the handling of ingots and wafers involves working with hazardous materials. As a result, apart from the capital requirements, solar cell manufacturing and related backward integration must comply with stricter environmental, pollution control, safety, and waste management regulations at the state level.